Explore Fascinating Facts About Forest Biomes

The forest biome includes terrestrial habitats that are dominated by trees and other woody plants. Today, forests cover about one-third of the worlds land surface and are found in many different terrestrial regions around the globe. There are three general types of forests—temperate forests, tropical forests, and boreal forests. Each of these forest types differs in climate, species composition, and community structure. The forests of the world have changed in composition over the course of evolution. The first forests evolved during the Silurian Period, about 400 million years ago. These ancient forests were very different than present-day forests and were dominated not by the species of trees we see today but instead by giant ferns, horsetails, and club mosses. As the evolution of land plants progressed, the species composition of forests changed. During the Triassic Period, gymnosperms (such as conifers, cycads, ginkgoes, and gnetales) dominated forests. By the Cretaceous Period, angiosperms (such as hardwood trees) had evolved. Although the flora, fauna, and structure of forests vary greatly, they often can be broken down into several structural layers. These include the forest floor, herb layer, shrub layer, understory, canopy, and emergents. The forest floor is the ground layer that is often covered with decaying plant material. The herb layer consists of herbaceous plants such as grasses, ferns, and wildflowers. The shrub layer is characterized by the presence of woody vegetation such as bushes and brambles. The understory consists of immature and small trees that are shorter than the main canopy layer. The canopy consists of the crowns of mature trees. The emergent layer includes the crowns of the tallest trees, which grow above the rest of the canopy. Key Characteristics The following are the key characteristics of the forest biome: largest and most complex terrestrial biomedominated by trees and other woody vegetationsignificant role in the global intake of carbon dioxide and production of oxygenthreatened by deforestation for logging, agriculture, and human habitation Classification The forest biome is classified within the following habitat hierarchy: Biomes of the World Forest Biome The Forest Biome Is Divided Into the Following Habitats Temperate Forests Temperate forests are forests that grow in temperate regions such as those found in eastern North America, western and central Europe, and northeastern Asia. Temperate forests have a moderate climate and a growing season that lasts between 140 and 200 days of the year. Precipitation is generally distributed evenly throughout the year. Tropical Forests Tropical forests are forests that grow in tropical and subtropical regions. These include tropical moist forests (such as those found in the Amazon Basin and the Congo Basin) and tropical dry forests (such as those found in southern Mexico, the lowlands of Bolivia, and the western regions of Madagascar). Boreal Forests Boreal forests are a band of coniferous forests that encircle the globe in the high northern latitudes between about 50Â °N and 70Â °N. Boreal forests form a circumpolar ecoregion that stretches across Canada and extends across northern Europe and Asia. Boreal forests are the worlds largest terrestrial biome and account for more than one-quarter of all the forested land on Earth. Animals of the Forest Biome Some of the animals that inhabit the forest biome include: Pine Marten (Martes martes) - The pine marten is a medium-sized mustelid that inhabits the temperate forests of Europe. Pine martens have sharp claws are good climbers. They feed on small mammals, birds, carrion, as well as some plant materials such as berries and nuts. Pine martens are most active at dusk and during the night.Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) - The gray wolf is a large canid whose range includes the temperate and boreal forests of North America, Europe, Asia and North Africa. Gray wolves are territorial carnivores that form packs of a mated pair and their offspring.Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) - The caribou is a member of the deer family that inhabits the boreal forests and tundra of North America, Siberia, and Europe. Caribou are grazing herbivores that feed on the leaves of willows and birches, as well as mushrooms, grasses, sedges, and lichen.Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) - Brown bears live in a variety of habitats including boreal forests, alpine forests and meadows, tundra, a nd coastal regions. Their range is the most extensive of all bears and includes northern and central Europe, Asia, Alaska, Canada, and the western United States.Eastern Gorilla (Gorilla beringei) - The eastern gorilla is a species of gorilla that inhabits the lowland tropical forests of the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo in central Africa. Like all gorillas, the eastern lowland gorilla feeds on fruit and other plant materials.Black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus) - The black-tailed deer inhabits the temperate rainforests that blanket the coastal areas of the Pacific Northwest. Black-tailed deer prefer the edges of forests where understory growth is sufficient to provide them reliable food resources.

The Phases Of Conflict By Ceasefire And Post Agreement Essay

In times of conflict, it is important to note the four phases of conflict. These four phases being, pre-violence or the buildup period. Second, is armed conflict. Third is a ceasefire and lastly, comes the post agreement. The first two phases of conflict are not hard at all to achieve or attain. Certain nations around the world are almost always engaged in some form of conflict with other ethnic groups or secessionist/ revolutionary forces. â€Å"For a certain subset of nations, civil war appears to be a chronic condition.† (Quinn, et.al. 2007) The last phases of conflict, ceasefire and post agreement are certainly much harder to attain and sustain than the first two phases. For this short essay, I have chosen the post agreement phase as being the most difficult to attain and uphold. I will discuss the reasons I believe this phase is the hardest to achieve, why or if it’s even important and also briefly compare it to the preceding phases of conflict. The main reason I chose the post agreement phase as being the most difficult phase to achieve, is primarily because conflicting sides have to fight through the first three stages to get to the final stage. At this point, any trust each side had for each other is shattered and people will almost certainly be highly angered at the opposing sides for events that occur during conflict. Not only that, but often times, conflicting parties never even reach this point. Some conflicts only end in a ceasefire and never reach a full peaceShow MoreRelatedA Report On Verification Of Forces1333 Words   |  6 PagesFebruary 2013 also commenced preparations for the verification of its combatants with the support of the UNAMID Ceasefire Commission using DDPD. 3.1.2.1 Verification of Forces The respondents informed that the verification of units was based on lists of personnel strength and military equipment provided by LJM and confirmed by UNAMID. 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These goals were, more or less, achieved through the passing of the France-US document; that included the point of cessation of hostilities among the warring parties and the immediate lifting of all sieges on towns held by parties to the ceasefire: an important step toward decreasing and deescalating the war momentum on the ground and a gateway for rebuildingRead MoreMission in Burundi: South Africas Voice of Solidarity2481 Words   |  10 Pagesdefi ne what mediation is, what the peace process phases, will briefly describe the essence of the Tutsi-Hutu conflict in Burundi, will demonstrate how South Africa fulfilled its taken ‘obligations’ in the Burundi peace mission from 1999-2005 as a mediator, and will conclude when the mediation can be considered successful. 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Why a ThirdRead MoreVietnamese Attitudes toward China in the 20th Century2496 Words   |  10 PagesChina). China provided Vietnamese Communists with economic and military support in their war of independence against France. The cracks began to appear in the brotherhood at the time nonetheless. Chinese pressure to convince Vietnam to sign a ceasefire agreement with France along the 17th parallel in Geneva in 1954 was not very welcome among the Vietnamese. China apparently feared the emergence of an independent and powerful Vietnam. For China, keeping Vietnam as a sort of titular state, subservient

Mental Health A Growing Concern Within The Indian...

Mental health problems are a growing concern within the Indian American communities in the United States. First generation born Indian Americans are experiencing mental health concerns far greater than the generation before them. What are the causes of this rise in mental health issues? Mental health issues are not foreign to any ethnic or racial group. Mental health concerns can and do affect individuals across are all social, socio-economic, racial and ethnic divides (â€Å"Suicide Facts at a Glance,† 2015). The concern in the with mental health concerns in the Indian community is that Indian Americans have the lowest rate of utilizing mental health service in the United States (â€Å"NCBI,† 2015) This paper will discuss the statistics of mental health problems/disorders, the reasons why Indian Americans are less likely to use resources and what can be done to address the issue within the community. What is mental health categorized as? Mental health is the social , emotional and psychological well being of an individual (â€Å"Mental Health,† 2015). The leading mental health disorders are generalized anxiety disorder, depression, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, specific phobias, OCD, PTSD, and major-depressive disorder (â€Å"Facts-Statistics† 2015). Globally, it is estimated that nearly 350 million people of all ages suffer from depression. Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death between 15-29 year-olds. There are 7.2 million Asians in the United States 5.8% of theseShow MoreRelatedChronological Record of Various Acts that were Implemented for Persons with Mental Illness954 Words   |  4 PagesThe Indian Judicial System is described as a system which is partly a continuation of the legal system, established by the British and follows a structure which is a combination of American Legal System and the British Legal System. 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The United States conducted peaceful relations with the Navajo for over fifteen years. Forts were built to help

Stanley Milgram s Psychology Of Obedience - 1058 Words

Stanley Milgram, established a new course of study in the psychology of obedience. The purpose of his experiment was to have an idea of to see how people react the autocritical standard; during his experiment, he recorded how people will behave when given a source of power. Milgram gained this idea after the World War II. He believed that some people had the ability to essentially block out human thoughts of morals, ethics, and sympathetics when assigned to a job. The core issue that Milgram faced was finding a way to create a situation to test his theory; because behavior is such a complicated aspect of psychology to test, Milgram had to properly execute the experiment without physical harm from one person to another. The primary theory that Milgram was conducting was to test human behavior when higher authority is ordering them to to do certain tasks. Milgram believed that people with no mental disability that led normal lives would not purposely inflict pain towards someone without a reason; however, when there is authority allowing such harsh rules to be enforced, people will most likely obey their authority. To test his theory, Milgram required forty participants in total who had to be twenty to fifty years of age with various backgrounds. All of the participants that came to the study were paid beforehand so that the experiment would not have any flaws by their actions towards getting their money. After receiving the money, it will be theirs to keep with the optionShow MoreRelatedThe Causes Of Obedience From Research By Milgram ( 1974 ) And His Contemporaries1360 Words   |  6 Pagescauses of Obedience from research by Milgram (1974) and his Contemporaries. Stanley Milgram was a Psychologist at Yale. Obedience is an essential part in the format of humanity, and it’s destructiveness has been investigated throughout time. Stanley Milgram organized a research to test the destructiveness of obedience however, Milgram wanted to investigate why ordinary people are keen to obey an authority figure and commit evil deeds even when it goes against their beliefs. 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Sip Project free essay sample

Submitted to: Mrs. Bernadette Anuat (Adviser) Submitted by:Victoria Bea Lizarondo John Mark Guimba Marinette Duma Maiko Mahilum Prince Cedee Sambrano Abstract At our community, lot of Filipinos love street foods. Whenever food carts pass by and they hear it, they will immediately call it so they could by some. But because we know that these street foods are not nutritious, our group thought of making a street food out of a vegetable. The researchers thought of using alugbati since alugbati is already available at their backyard. The alugbati is a great source of antioxidant, vitamins A, B and C, iron and calcium. It also contains high roughage and it’s very easy to digest. They also added some shrimps to add flavor. Shrimp is a good sourc of calcium, iodine, and protein. First we harvested some alugbati leaves and we washed it with water. Then we sliced it thinly. After that, we mixed all the ingredients and added the alugbati leaves. We then shaped it into small balls and fried it in oil until it was golden brown. Our study generally aims to produce a kind of street food that is nutritious, special, and of course, delicious using this kind of leafy vegetable. We are also aiming to compare the taste, appearance, and odor of our own alugbati balls from fishballs, chicken balls and kikiam. After we have made the survey, it shows that our alugbati balls is very much acceptable for mothers than letting their children eat other kind of street foods. Acknowledgement We would like to thank for the help contributed by the following persons: Gloria O. Lizarondo, Gloria Emerina O. Lizarondo, Mrs. Bernadette Anuat And most of all†¦God almighty! Table of Contents I. Introduction a. Background of the Study b. Statement of Problem/Objectives c. Significance of the Study d. Scope and Limitations e. Review of Related Literature II. Methodology a. Materials/Equipment b. Treatment/General Procedure III. Results and Discussions a. Findings b. Analysis of Data IV. Conclusions V. Recommendations VI. Bibliography I. Introduction A. Background of the study and its Importance The investigators thought of making this study to introduce a product that can replace the usual street food found anywhere with more healthy and affordable one using alugbati leaves. We already know that street foods are very delicious but sometimes people don’t like eating these foods because these are exposed to dirt and dust. Our product is highly recommended to offer it to the people specially those who are fond of buying street food. This is full of nutritional value that our human body needs like antioxidants, vitamins A, B and C, iron and calcium that comes from the alugbati leaves. It also contains high roughage and it’s very easy to digest. The shrimp that is mixed in our product is high in calcium, iodine and protein but it is low in food energy. Our alugbati balls is also a significant source of cholesterol Alugbati is usually found in South East Asia and Africa. To come up with this kind of research, the reporters were given an idea from the alugbati leaves they saw at the backyard of their neighbor. B. Statement of the Problem a. Main Objective To produce an alternative street food from the usual street food we buy with the use of alugbati leaves. b. Specific Objectives 1. To determine the acceptability of alugbati balls as a kind of street food in terms of: a. Tasteb. Odorc. Appearance 2. To determine if there is any significant difference between theusual street food and alugbati balls in terms of its nutritional valueand acceptability. C. Significance of the Study Alugbati leaves can be easily seen in any part of the Philippines. It is also easy to plant in our backyards. The researchers offer another product to our street foods lovers and alugbati consumers a nutritious, cheaper, yet delicious product which contains good cholesterol that our body needs. D. Scope and Limitations of the Study This project is dealt with the production of alugbati balls using alugbati leaves as the main ingredient and shrimps to flavor it. This was conducted at Blk 15 Lot 27 Princess Nicole Street, Dexterville Royale Subdivision, Dasmarinas, Cavite. The study limits only on the variety of vegetable which is alugbati as the main ingredient in making this product and shrimps to add flavor. E. Review and Related Literature Alugbati, a succulent, branched, smooth, twining herbaceous vine, several meters in length. Stems are purplish or green. Leaves are fleshy, ovate or heart-shaped, 5 to 12 cms long, stalked, tapering to a pointed tip with a cordate base. Spikes are axillary, solitary, 5-29 cm long. Fruit is fleshy, stalkless, ovoid or spherical, 5-6 mm long, and purple when mature. Alugbati or vine spinach is usually found in South-East Asia and Africa. It can easily grow up in garden without taking too much care. The general use of this plant is as vegetable and an important ingredient to make different dishes. But it may also use as a decorative plant in some province. It is a great source of antioxidant, vitamins A, B and C, Iron and Calcium. It also contains high roughage and its very easy to digest. The whole parts of plant like leaves, stem and seeds can be eaten. Research reveals that it’s good for health and works as a soft laxative. The roots are quite effective in removing redness of the skin. It has been used in dressing to cover up the swelled area to minimize the puffiness. In case of burn and scald, apply the mixture of leaf pulp and butter on wound. It produces a cooling effect. Liquid of the plant is effective for acne eruptions and also eases inflammation. For child and pregnant lady, the decoction of the leaves make a better laxative. As with other seafood, shrimp is high in  calcium,  iodine  and  protein  but low in  food energy. A shrimp-based meal is also a significant source of  cholesterol, from 122  mg  to 251  mg per 100  g  of shrimp, depending on the method of preparation. Shrimp consumption, however, is considered healthy for the circulatory system because the lack of significant levels of saturated fat in shrimp means that the high cholesterol content in shrimp actually improves the ratio of LDL to HDL cholesterol and lowers  triglycerides. II. Methodology a. Ingredients Flour – 40g Shrimp (Alamang) – 10g Alugbati Leaves – 10g Salt – a dash Pepper – a dash Yellow food coloring – as much as desired color Oil – just the amount you need for frying b. Equipment Frying pan Blender Spoon Bowl Plate c. Procedure 1. Blend alugbati leaves and alamang in blender. 2. Mix all the ingredients in bowl. 3. Add some yellow food coloring. 4. Scoop some of the mixture using your spoon and shape it into balls and put them on the plate. 5. Deep fry it in oil. Basis in Conducting Survey HA – Highly Acceptable A – Acceptable

Network Security Practices Essay Example For Students

Network Security Practices Essay Today’s corporate infrastructure is not the same as it was 10 years ago. In the past you were able to control the amount of attacks on a network because of the reasonable number, which is not the case today. At any given time an organizations network will be attacked or try to be attacked several hundred times in one day. For larger more well-known organizations this number could grow significantly. To ensure your organization is not one of the ones on the 10’oclock news you have to ensure you have proper security practices in place to secure your network. Most people in the security field agree that good security policies are necessary to keep intruders out and keep the users along with the information on their network safe. The best way to do this is to have some kind of written security policy. This policy should be made available for anyone to see and read so they have a better understanding on what their part is when it comes to information security. To think that security professionals can handle this task alone would be foolish, it is up to everyone to have good security practices and follow then at all times. To fully protect any network there are some key areas that should be looked at keenly to see if security procedures are being followed or if a security person will need to take a closer look at: 1. Security Accountability – often times too many there is always confusion about who is going to be responsible for what. When it comes to matters of security there should be a clear outline on who is responsible for what area. This will ensure that people know who to go to when there is a security related incident and can also help to make sure that area of responsibility is taken care of and not being neglected. R. .ine what is considered acceptable use and non-acceptable use. After reading this document every user should be required to sign and acknowledge they understand what the document has outlined for them. 5. Training – Because we as people tend to forget things there should be training provided to each employee. The training should be conducted when a person first joins the organizations along with refresher courses offered every quarter. Finally security policies should form the foundation of your organization while providing a detailed outline on what should be expected to secure your network. Policies must be effective enough to secure your network but not so restrictive that it will impede your users from doing anything. Having an effective security policy in place will help to reduce any kind of attacks that may be encountered on an unprotected network.